000090335 000092502 110 1469-1527 1511?-1553 1548-1617 1588-1679 1596-1650 1638-1715 1646-1716 170 1711-1776 17thcentury 18thcentury 190 1901-1982 193 194 199 211 act(philosophy) b3998ebook babism bahaifaith baruch benedictusde benedictusde) biography cabala congresses contradiction correspondence correspondencespinoza criticismandinterpretationdescartes criticismandinterpretationleibniz criticismandinterpretationmalebranche criticismandinterpretationspinoza david descartes dutch dutchphilosophyspinoza earlyworksto1800 emotions emotions[mesh] ethica(spinoza ethics ethicsspinoza filosofievandegeest finite francisco freethought freewillanddeterminism futurelife german god gottfriedwilhelm history historyandcriticismspinoza historyofdoctrines hobbes hume idealism identity immortality influencespinoza intellectuallife jewishlearningandscholarship jewishphilosophy jews judaism judaismandphilosophy knowledge languagespinoza leibniz leo liberalism liberty machiavelli malebranche medieval medievalphilosophy membership metafysica metaphysics michael mindandbody modern netherlands niccolò nicolas philosophers philosophy philosophy17thcentury philosophy17thcenturycriticism philosophyandreligion philosophyofmind platonists politicalscience politiekefilosofie portugees-israëlietischegemeenteteamsterdam psychotherapy psychotherapy[mesh] ramónjosé rationalism religion religionspinoza rené representation(philosophy) sender servetus spinoza spinozisme strauss suárez substance(philosophy) surveys the theoryof thomas thoughtandthinking