-1400 1100-1500 412s412 473 492 aboriginalaustralian aboriginalaustralians akkadianlanguage americanisms arabic arabicandpersian arabiclanguage arabicliterature arabicpoetry arabinfluences aramaic australia australianaboriginal australianisms baltic baltic-finniclanguages bilingualism chinese code-switching(linguistics) codeswitching(linguistics) commerciallaw communication comparativeandgeneral comparativeliterature congresses conjunctions cuba czech czechlanguage dialectliterature dialects dictionaries dutch dutchlanguage earlyworksto1800 encyclopediasanddictionaries english englishlanguage englishliterature environmentalism errorsofusage estonianlanguage etc etymology europe foreigncountries foreignelements frenchlanguage friesian geoffrey geographical german germanlanguage globalization glossaries grammar greek greeklanguage hebrew hebrewlanguage historical history historyandcriticism humor hungarianlanguage hyperborean indian indians indiansofnorthamerica industriallawsandlegislation influenceonenglish influenceonforeignlanguages influenceonjapanese influenceonlatin influenceonmalay interculturalcommunication international ireland irish irishauthors irishlanguage israel italianlanguage italy japan japanese japaneselanguage jewishwitandhumor kongo kongolanguage ladinolanguage language languageandculture languageandlanguages languagechaucer languageplanning languages languagesincontact latin latinlanguage lexicography lexicology linguisticgeography linguisticminorities linguistics malaylanguage malaysia malteselanguage medievalandlate methodology middleenglish minorities morphology names newyorktimesreviewed onomastics ontario orientallanguages orthographyandspelling p324 p380 pe2406 persian persianandarabic persianlanguage persianpoetry philosophy phonology popularculture provincialisms romance romancelanguages romances romani romania romanian romanianlanguage rome russia(federation) russianlanguage scandinavian semitic semiticlanguages siberia slovenianlanguage socialaspects sociallifeandcustoms sociolinguistics spanish spanishlanguage style sweden technicalarabic terminology termsandphrases to1500 to500 toronto traderegulation translating tungus-manchu turkish ukrainianlanguage unitedstates ural-altaic usage variation vocabularies vocabulary vowels west wordformation yiddish yiddishlanguage