americanliterature aspect cognitivegrammar cognitivepsychology cognitivescience comparative comparativegrammar czech czechrepublic english englishliterature foreignelements foreignwordsandphrases german germanlanguage grammar history languageplanning languagesincontact orthographyandspelling reference reform secondlanguageacquisition semantics slaviclanguages textbooksforforeignspeakers translatingandinterpreting translations