16thcentury 297130 680 administration allegiance apologeticworks approximately600-661 approximately614-678 arab authority authors battleof boundaries charisma(personalitytrait) chiisme childrearing children(islamiclaw) controversialliterature criticism customsandpractices doctrines domesticrelations(islamiclaw) dualism(religion) dualisme(religion) egypt etc ethnicrelations family fatimites government hadith hadith(shiites) hermeneutics history historyandcriticism ijtihād(islamiclaw) illuminationofbooksandmanuscripts imamate imamateʻalīibnabīṭālib imams(shiites) interfaithrelations interpretation interpretationandconstruction iran iranian iraq islam islamandpolitics islamandstate islamiccalendar islamicethics islamicfundamentalism islamiclaw islamicphilosophy islamicsects islamicuniversitiesandcolleges ismailites karbalāʼ karbalāʾ light militarytrainingcamps motazilites murjiʼah murjiʾah muslimscholars painting paramilitaryforces parentandchild(islamiclaw) politicalaspects politicalviolence politicsandgovernment relations religion religiousaspects religiousfundamentalism religiousinstitutions religiouslife salafīyah shiiteliterature shiites shīʿah sipāh-ipāsdārān-iinqilāb-iislāmī(iran) state-sponsoredterrorism sufism sunna sunnites symbolisminart ṣafaviddynasty(iran) taqlīd temporalpowerofreligiousrulers terrorism terrorists texts time timemeasurements to1500 trainingof ulama viewsonpolitics zaydīs zaydīyah ʻalīibnabīṭālib ʻāʼishah