120 1225?-1274 1596-1650 1612-1694 1638-1715 1646-1716 17thcentury 18thcentury 190 194 600-1500 909 ancient ancientphilosophy antoine apologetics arnauld artistic attributes aufsatzsammlung beliefanddoubt bewusstsein biography catholicchurch causation christianethics chronology civilization classicliterature congresses contributionsinconceptofideaseudoxus contributionsinconceptofideasplato contributionsinconceptofideasspeusippus contributionsintheoryofideasdescartes contributionsintheoryofideasleibniz contributionsintheoryofideasmalebranche controversialliterature criticismandinterpretation culture descartes doctrinal doctrines dualism earlyworksto1700 earlyworksto1800 encyclopedias enlightenment ethics fiction god gottfriedwilhelm grecia(filosofia) historiaantiga history idée(philosophie) influence(literary influencedescartes influenceplato inventions islam knowledge liberty logic logik love mathematics medievalethics meno meno(plato) methodology middleages mindandbody miscelaneagrega(literatura) modern modernlogic modernphilosophy modularity(psychology) moralphilosophy naturalhistory nicolas nonfiction philosophers philosophicalanthropology philosophie philosophy plato politicalscience politics power(socialsciences) progress psychologie reality reason relation(philosophy) rené rené representation(philosophy) science siècledeslumières social socialchange sociologyof socrates spirit symbolism technology theology theoryof theoryofknowledge thomas thoughtandthinking verlichting(cultuurgeschiedenis) vertus virtue virtueandvirtues virtues