1632-1704 1685-1753 1711-1776 17thcentury 18thcentury academia academic academic-integrity aesthetics algorithm algorithmic-bias algorithms analysis analytical-skills analytical-thinking ancient argument argumentation berkeley bias bias-detection biased-reporting biases biology book british bs-detection bullshit bullshit-culture bullshit-detection bullshitters bullshitting calling-bullshit cognitive-bias cognitive-biases confirmation-bias conspiracies conspiracy-theories correlation-vs-causation credibility critical-analysis critical-reading critical-reasoning critical-theory critical-thinking data data-analysis data-interpretation data-literacy data-manipulation data-science data-skepticism data-visualization david debunking debunking-myths deception deception-detection deviate digital-literacy digital-misinformation dishonesty disinformation education epistemology essentialism(philosophy) ethics evidence evidence-based evidence-based-arguments evidence-based-decision-making evidence-based-reasoning evidence-evaluation evolution exaggeration fact-checking facts fake-news fallacies false-claims fraud general george higher-education history hoax hoaxes human-psychology hume information-analysis information-evaluation information-literacy information-manipulation information-overload information-warfare intellectual-dishonesty intellectual-honesty intellectuallife internet internet-culture internet-hoaxes john knowledge knowledge-integrity lies locke logic logic-fallacies logical-fallacies logical-reasoning lying manipulation media-literacy media-manipulation misinformation misinformation-detection misinformation-ecosystem misinformation-epidemic misinformation-management misinformation-pandemic misleading misleading-arguments misleading-claims misleading-information nonfiction objective online-misinformation persuasion persuasive-communication persuasive-tactics persuasive-techniques philosophy philosophyofmind politics problem-solving propaganda pseudo-science pseudoscience psychology quantitative-analysis quantitative-reasoning rationality reason reasoning reasoning-skills research research-ethics research-methods rhetoric scams science science-communication science-literacy scientific-literacy scientific-method scientific-reasoning scientific-skepticism scientific-thinking skeptical-inquiry skeptical-thinking skepticism skepticism-in-academia skepticism-in-media skepticism-in-politics skepticism-in-science skepticism-in-society skepticism-in-the-digital-age skepticism-in-the-media skepticism-natural-language-fallacies skepticism-training skeptics social-media social-media-manipulation socialaspects socialsciences statistical-analysis statistical-bias statistical-fallacies statistical-lies statistical-literacy statistical-manipulation statistical-methods statistical-reasoning statistical-thinking statistics subjectivity surveys theoryof time truth truth-decay truth-detection truth-distortion truth-manipulation truth-seeking truth-telling truth-vs-lies truthfulness truthiness