000098277 1135-1204 12thcent 425-1789 70-1789 active12thcentury andalusia approximately135-approximately220 arabinfluences biography cairogenizah correspondence criticismandinterpretationjudah ds143h272000 ethnicrelations hebrewlanguage hebrewliterature history identity islamicempire israel jewishletters jews judahhalevi judaism judeo-arabic maimonides manuscripts medieval medievalandearlymodernperiod moses philosophy revival secularism sources spain tannaim zionism