1819-1880 1828-1906 1840-1928 1857-1903 1857-1924 19thcentury artappreciation artistic criticismandinterpretationconrad criticismandinterpretationeliot criticismandinterpretationgissing criticismandinterpretationhardy criticismandinterpretationibsen englishfiction george henrik historyandcriticism ibsen influence(literary influenceibsen joseph realisminliterature satire thomas