-1400 -438 -approximately1230 -approximately1370 1100-1500 1207-1273 1414-1492 active14thcentury afz̤alal-dīnshirvānī afz̤alal-dīnshirvānī amīrkhusrawdihlavī approximately1126-1198or1199 approximately1253-1325 arabic bahrām biography birds chaucer criticismandinterpretationchaucer criticismandinterpretationjalālal-dīnrūmī criticismandinterpretationjāmī criticismandinterpretationkhāqānī criticismandinterpretationʻaṭṭār englishpoetry farīdal-dīn geoffrey historyandcriticism india islamicpoetry jahānmalikkhātūn jalālal-dīnrūmī jāmī khāqānī middleages middleenglish niẓāmal-dīn persian persianliterature persianpoetry pk6513 poetry poets riddlesinliterature romances sufis translationsintoenglish ʻaṭṭār ʻubaydzākānī جلالالدينرومى، خاقانى،افضلالدينشروانى ḥāfiẓ