16thcentury 1817-1862 284 600-1500 active16thcentury albigenses alps apt aragon arras asceticism calabria christianheresies churchhistory france frenchmediaevalhistorysorceryartoispas-de-calais15thcentury germany griot henrydavid history inquisition italy middleages monasticismandreligiousorders naturalhistory northern persecution pictorialworks pierre region sources southern spain thoreau to1500 trials(heresy) trials(witchcraft) unitedstates waldensesinfrance western wildernessareas witchcraft