1378-1417 600-1500 biblicalteaching catholicchurch catholicchurchorthodoxeasternchurch church churchandstate churchhistory conciliartheory doctrinescatholicchurch earlychurch europe government history historycatholicchurch historyofdoctrines infallibility interfaithrelations kingsandrulers middleages orthodoxeasternchurchcatholicchurch papacy peter petrineoffice philosophy politicalscience popes poverty primitiveandearlychurch relations religiousaspects schism temporalpower thegreatwestern vaticancouncil(1st:1869-1870:basilicadisanpietroinvaticano)