-922? 1258-1800 622-750 750-1258 active7thcentury ancient arabianpeninsula arabiclanguage arabicliterature arabicpoetry arabs asia civilization congresses criticismandinterpretationabūdhuʼaybal-hudhalī economicconditions ghassanids greece greekinfluences history historyandcriticism khuwaylidibnkhālid language medina middleeast qudāmahibnjaʻfar relations rhetoric sassanids saudiarabia slavery socialconditions style timeinliterature versification