1913-1980 1915-1983 1917-2001 20thcentury africanamericanathletes africanamericantrackandfieldathletes american anthropologists biography casestudies ethnology fieldwork germany germany) glickman history interracialfriendship jesse jewishathletes marty nationalsocialism newyork newyork(state) niger nigeriens olympicgames(11th:1936:berlin olympics owens participation paul philosophy racism sam songhai(africanpeople) trackandfieldathletes unitedstates witchcraft