1588-1679 bakeries china contracts duress(law) economicconditions effectivenessandvalidityoflaw germany history hobbes hoursoflabor joseph laborlawsandlegislation law lawandlegislation liberty libertyofcontract(islamiclaw) lochner naturallaw naturalobligations newyork(state) obligations(islamiclaw) obligations(law) politicsandgovernment publicpolicy(law) rightofproperty socialconditions thomas unilateralacts(islamiclaw) unilateralacts(law) unitedstates uruguay