1225?-1274 1809-1865 19thcentury abraham autobiography bio011000his036050his036040phi019000 biography civiliansinwar civilwarperiod(1850-1877) combatantsandnoncombatants(internationallaw) headsofstate history influencearistotle influencethomas justwardoctrine militaryleadershiplincoln moralandethicalaspects philosophy philosophylincoln political politicalandsocialviewslincoln politicalleadership politicalscience presidents southernstates unitedstates war