boring congresses continentalmargins deep-seabiology deepseadrillingproject earlyworksto1800 earth earth(planet) earthsciences electricprospecting electromagneticfields faults(geology) fluiddynamics geochemistry geology geomagnetism geophysics groundwater history meeresboden meeresgeologie mountains oceanbottom oceanbottomecology ophiolites ozeanischeerdkruste pictorialworks planet planets platetectonics qe601 remotesensing russia(federation) seismicrefractionmethod siberia sovietunion structual structural structuralgeology subductionzones surface terrestrialheatflow tiefseeboden tiefseetiere underwaterdrilling underwaterexploration valleys