alaska atlanticcoast(northamerica) atlanticocean boring carboncontent cenozoic congresses crust deepseadrillingproject earthquakes earthsciences ecology environmentalconditions geochemistry geoecology/naturalprocesses geography geology geomorphology geophysics marinemineralresources marinesediments northamerica northatlanticregion northpacificocean nutrientcycles ocean-atmosphereinteraction oceanography platetectonics research sedimentationanddeposition seismicrefractionmethod sovietunion stratigraphic structural structuralgeology submarinegeology underwaterdrilling unitedstates