-historyandcriticism 1868 1868-1894 1872-1943 1889-1951 1901-1979 1902- 1902-1983 aestheticism(literature) criticismandinterpretationaoyama criticismandinterpretationkitamura criticismandinterpretationshimazaki criticismandinterpretation北村透谷 criticismandinterpretation小林秀雄 criticismandinterpretation島崎藤村 criticismandinterpretation靑山二郎 hideo historyandcriticism influencewittgenstein japaneseliterature jirō kobayashi ludwig religionkobayashi religion小林秀雄 tōkoku tōson