1894-1955 1899-1974 1916-1942 20thcentury africanamericanbanddirectors africanamericanjazzmusicians banddirectors barnet bigband bigbands charlie christian criticismandinterpretationellington criticismandinterpretationjohnson duke ellington garber geschichte history historyandcriticism homesandhaunts improvisation(music) instructionandstudy jan jazz jazzmusicians musicandrace newyork newyork(state) socialaspects swing swing(music) unitedstates