1493-1541 1627-1691 1629-1695 1646-1716 1711-1776 17thcentury 18thcentury 192 510 adversariesleibniz adversariesnewton alchemy alchemynewton analytic artistic astronomy biography boyle christiaan congresses constitutionalhistory contributionsinanalyticmechanicsnewton contributionsinhydrostaticsnewton david englishpoetry europe god gottfriedwilhelm gravitation greatbritain his015000sci034000 history historyandcriticism hume huygens hydrostatics influence influence(literary influencenewton isaac knowledge literatureandscience magic manuscriptsnewton mathematicalanalysis mathematicians mathematics mathematicsnewton mechanics methodology newton omnipotence omniscience optics opticsinliterature paracelsus philosophy physicists physics psychologynewton q125w378f1982 robert science scientists sir spaceandtime unitedstates