1368-1912 1371-1435 1806-1864 1842-1922 1860-1938 1947- 580-643 999-1062 active19thcentury biography calligraphy china chinapoliticsweichengbiographies chinese commerce congresses criticismandinterpretationzheng descriptionandtravel drama explorers guanying he history inliteraturebao knowledgezheng man-womanrelationships merchantmarine ming-qingdynasties philosophers shi teh water wei weicheng wells xiaoxu yi yukun zhen 郑和 郑观应 鄭孝胥