1903-1979 21stcentury abdullah apostasy apostasy(islamiclaw) arabicpoetry criticismandinterpretationmaudoodi criticismandinterpretationqaraḍāwī criticismandinterpretationsaeed criticismandinterpretationshāhīn egyptian emigrationandimmigrationinmotionpictures freedomofreligion freedomofspeech historyandcriticism humanrights iraq islam motionpictures religiousaspects saʻdī syedabulʻala theology translationsintoenglish