1959-2005 20thcentury active11thcentury amparaidistrict autonomyandindependencemovements ayurvedic batticaloadistrict biography boyanese(indonesianpeople) buddhism buddhisminliterature caste christianity christianityandotherreligions citizenship communism cāttaṉār dalits death dharmeratnam dirges dissenters eastindians education educationandstate etc ethnicconflict ethnicidentity ethnicity ethnicrelations folksongs foreignrelations funeralcustomsandrites funeralritesandceremonies futurelife governmentpolicy governmentrelations healing heat hindudiaspora hindufuneralritesandceremonies hinduism history historyandcriticism hottemperature humanrights india infolklore journalists languages laws legalstatus madurai(district) malaysia medicalanthropology medicine multilingualeducation mumbai muslims mythology n nationalism nationalsecurity norwegian peace peace-building peranakan(asianpeople) plantationworkers politicalactivitytamil̲īl̲aviṭutalaippulikaḷ(association) politicalandsocialviewsdharmeratnam politicalaspects politicalatrocities politicalrefugees politicalviolence politicsandgovernment politicsandgovernmet portuguese postwarreconstruction psychologicalaspects psychology puttamittiran̲ār puttamittiraṉār racerelations refugees relations relationswithsinhalese(srilankanpeople) relationswithtamil(indicpeople) religion religionandmedicine religiousaspects religiouslifeandcustoms repatriation returnmigration ritesandceremonies sanmugathasan semiotics singapore sinhalese(srilankanpeople) sivaram socialclasses socialconditions sociallifeandcustoms sources south southarcot srilanka srilankans statelessness sémiotique tamil tamilnadu tamiḻīḻaviṭutalaippulikaḷ(association) tamouls violence war women