1850-1932 1870-1924 1877-1941 1879-1940 19thcentury 20thcentury arbeidersklasse austria bernstein biography c1800toc1899 communistparties dusseldorf(germany) eduard europeanhistory foreignrelations französischerevolution germany hilferding historiography history lenin leon nationalsocialism politicalactivity politicsandgovernment politiekepartijen proletariaat radicalism revolution(france:1789-1799) rezeption rooms-katholieken rudolf socialism socialisten socialists sovietunion sozialdemokratie sozialdemokratischeparteiösterreichs trotsky vladimirilʹich workingclass