adaptation adaptive-systems agent-based-modeling artificial-intelligence artificial-life biological-systems biology chaos-theory collective-behavior collective-intelligence complex-systems complexity computation computational-beauty computational-biology computational-complexity computational-modeling computer-programming data-visualization decentralization ecological-systems emergence emergent-behavior emergent-phenomena evolution evolution-of-cooperation evolutionary-algorithms fractals genetic-algorithms hidden-order information-processing information-theory interdisciplinary mathematical-modeling natural-phenomena natural-sciences network-dynamics network-theory neural-networks science scientific-experimentation self-organization simulation social-networks swarm-intelligence systems-theory theoretical-biology traffic-flow urban-systems