1834-1905 1887-1980 1892-1971 1939-1945 american biography emigrationandimmigration foreignpublicopinion german herman history holocaust holocaustsurvivors jewish(1939-1945) jewishrefugees jews johnrutledge(ship) northatlanticocean northdakota rescue shipwrecks shipwrecksurvivors stern sternfamily thomasw unitedstates worldwar