000130649 1685-1759 1756-1791 1864-1949 1903-1960 20thcentury appreciationhandel austria biography communismandmusic composers congresses europe exiles expatriatemusicians georgefrideric germany günter handel histoireetcritique history historyandcriticism influence mozart music musicandstate musicians nationalsocialism nazismeetmusique opera operaproducersanddirectors oratorio performances politicalaspects producteursetmetteursenscèned'opéra productionanddirection raphael religion religiousaspects richard sovietunion strauss théâtremusicalcontemporain unitedstates wolfgangamadeus