abnormalities acidosis anatomy arm biochemistry biologicalcontrolsystems bladder bladderdiseases blood bloodlactate bras cancer comparative congresses diseases evolution exercise gastrointestinalmotility gastrointestinalsystem histology hominidae humanevolution injuries lactic maladiesneuromusculaires mechanoreceptors membresupérieur metabolism methods motility musclecontraction muscleproteins muscles musculardiseases musculoskeletalsystem myocardium neuromusculardiseases neuromuscularjunction paralysie paralysis pathophysiology phylogeny physicalfitness physiologicalaspects physiologie physiology physiopathology primates quadriplegics quadriplégie recoveryoffunction regeneration rehabilitation resistancetraining respiratorytractdiseases récupérationfonctionnelle rééducationetréadaptation skeletal smooth smoothmuscle softtissueinjuries striatedmuscle testing therapy treatment troponin upperextremity we500b6151983 we500l716sa2002 we500m129s1996 we700d591c2012 woundhealing woundsandinjuries