20thcentury alaska alberta antarctica bolivia cartels coalminesandmining compensation(law) congresses conservationandrestoration culturalproperty decisionmaking dictionaries environmentalaspects environmentaljustice environmentalprotection foreign germany governmentbusinessenterprises governmentownership historicsites history historybergwerksgesellschafthibernia industrialminerals industrialpolicy internationalcommercialarbitration internationalstatus investments landtitles landuse lawandlegislation mineralindustries minerallands miningclaims northrhine-westphalia petroleumlawandlegislation protection prussia publiclands rareearths regionalplanning registrationandtransfer rightofway ruhr(region) rural servitudes shalegasindustry spanish strategicmaterials sustainabledevelopment unitedstates worldheritageareas