1863-1954 1910-1985 19thcentury 20thcentury africanamericanintellectuals africanamericans africanamericanstudies africanamericanwomen africanamericanwomencivilrightsworkers biography civilrights civilrightsworkers ethnicstudies history intellectuallife murray pauli racerelations segregation socialscience terrell unitedstates women'sstudies