abbreviations abbreviationsastopic associations automation bibliographic books cataloging catalogingofchineseimprints catalogs china classification codewords databases dataprocessing datatapes electronicdataprocessing etc europe exchangeofbibliographicinformation exercises format handbooks informationstorageandretrieval institutions libraries libraryautomation libraryinformationnetworks libraryscience machine-readablebibliographicdata manuals onlinesystems organizations problems standards unitedstates