africa agriculturalresources britishcolonies cityplanning colonialinfluence colonies conflictmanagement congresses democratization developingcountries eastasia eastern economicconditions economicdevelopment economicpolicy environmentalpolicy europe greatbritain history localgovernment management naturalresources peace-building pol023000 polarization(socialsciences) policynetworks policysciences politicalaspects politicalculture politicalscience politicsandgovernment post-communism postcolonialism poverty regionalism regionalplanning ruraldevelopment socialconditions socialinstitutions socialpolicy southern sustainabledevelopment