alternatingcurrent circuits complementary datatransmissionsystems designandconstruction directcurrent electrical electriccontrollers electricinductors electricinsulatorsandinsulation electricmachinery electricpowersystems electricrelays electricswitchgear electrictransformerindustry electronics electronictransformers energyconsumption engineering general integratedcircuits metaloxidesemiconductors qualitycontrol radiofrequencyintegratedcircuits standards technology