1444?-1514 1475-1564 1483-1520 1885-1948 20thcentury art artpatronage bekering conversion criticismandinterpretationbramante criticismandinterpretationmichelangelobuonarroti criticismandinterpretationraphael ethnicrelations highrenaissance history italian italy jewishconvertsfromchristianity jews jodendom judaism manduzio religion sannicandrogarganico vaticancity