1799-1837 1840-1893 1878-1953 1882-1971 1906-1975 20thcentury aleksandrsergeevich biography composers conductors(music) criticismandinterpretationshostakovich dictators dmitriĭdmitrievich fiction headsofstate history historyandcriticism igor influencepushkin joseph karl modernism(literature) music musicandliterature opera peterilich politicalaspects russia russianpoetry shostakovich sovietunion stalin stravinsky symphonies tchaikovsky ėliasberg