1724-1804 1818-1883 1885-1971 1891-1937 1903-1969 193 194 1989- 21stcentury adorno alienation(socialpsychology) alienationtheoriesofkarlmarxcriticalstudies antonio civilization civilsociety communism communismandculture communismandindividualism communismandsocialsciences criticismandinterpretationkant democracy democraticcentralism economicaspects economicdevelopment energysecurity feministtheory frankfurtschoolofsociology gramsci györgy hermeneutics history humanism ideology immanuel intellectuallife karl lukács marx marxianeconomics marxianschoolofsociology marxist middleclass modern partywork people'sdemocracies philosophicalanthropology philosophy politicalactivity politicalideologies politicalscience politicsandculture politicsandgovernment post-communism postmodernism power(socialsciences) practice(philosophy) proletariat revolutions rightandleft(politicalscience) russia(federation) sexrole socialaspects socialconditions socialconflict socialism sovietunion technologicalforecasting technologicalinnovations technologyandcivilization theodorw workingclass worldpolitics