america anthropology antiquities ausland children china chinese chinois civilization cultural discoveriesingeography discoveryandexploration discrimination einwanderer emigrationandimmigration entdeckungsreise ethnicstudies explorers foreigncountries foreignrelations formersovietrepublics general geography history migrations minoritystudies northamerica oceantravel pre-columbian racerelations russia(federation) siedlung socialscience sovietunion émigrationetimmigration