1877-1878 19thcentury 20thcentury 41 41ssgn 7 947 adygei africa antiquities appropriationsandexpenditures archaeologyandhistory architecture architectureandsociety architectureandstate armenia art asia aspectreligieux autonomyandindependencemovements azerbaijan balkanpeninsula biodiversity biodiversityconservation borderlands bronzeage casestudies cauacasussouth caucasian central central-localgovernmentrelations chechni︠a︡ churcharchitecture churchworkwithrefugees circassians ciscaucasie citizenship civilization commercialproducts conflict congresses crimea culturalassimilation culturalfusion democracy diplomatichistory earlychristian eastern ecology economicaspects economicconditions emigrationandimmigration endangeredplants endemicplants energyindustries engineering environmentalaspects environmentalconditions environmentalpolicy environmentalstudies ethnicconflict ethnicrelations ethnohistory ethnology europe excavations(archaeology) folkliterature folklore forcedmigration foreignrelations genocide geographical geopolitics georgia(republic) gewapendeconflicten groupidentity histoire history humanrights iberians immigrants imperialism insurgency internal international internationalsecurity iran islam israel materialculture medieval mensheviks middleeast migration minorities montagnards mountainpeople muslims names nationalism nationalparksandreserves nationalsecurity naturalareas natureconservation north northern northern(russia) persecution petroleum petroleumindustryandtrade pipelines pol012000pol035010pol037000 politicalaspects politicalfreedom politicalhistoryofsovietuniondeportationandresistanceofminoritiesmuslimscaucasusandcrimea20thcentury politicalscience politicalviolence politicsandgovernment politiekeconflicten post-communism prevention refugees relations relationsinterethniques religion religiousaspects religiousintolerance relocation returnmigration rome rugs russia russia(federation) russie russo-turkishwar sanitation security socialaspects socialism south sovereignty sovietunion strategicaspects tales terrorism translationsintorussian transportation turkey turkish ukraine water-supply waterresourcesdevelopment weaving