1795-approximately1859 1798-1866 1825- 19thcentury 20thcentury africanamerican africanamericanauthors africanamericanmeninliterature africanamericans africanamericansoldiers africanamericantrappers americanliterature anecdotes archy beckwourth biography california casestudies caulder civilrights civilrightsmovements coachdrivers emancipation etc familylife freeafricanamericans freedmen freedpersons frontierandpioneerlife frontierandpioneerlifeinliterature fugitiveslaves golddiscoveries history historyandcriticism intellectuallife interviews james jamespierson juvenileliterature laws lee legalstatus legalstatusofslavesinfreestates lettercarriers masculinityinliterature meninliterature mythinliterature oklahoma participation peter pioneers racerelations slavery slaves socialconditions sociallifeandcustoms trappers tulsa undergroundrailroad unitedstates westernstories williams womenpioneers