1050-1106 1316-1378 1338-1380 1492-1648 art biography charlesiv charlesv churchandstate churchhistory civilisationmédiévale civilization conditionssociales condottieri cultuur europe germany godsdienst gothic géographiemédiévale henry histoire histoiremilitaire historiadaeuropa historiamedieval history holyromanemperor holyromanempire italie italy kingoffrance medieval medievalcivilization mentaliteit mercenarytroops militaryhistory papes plague popes prerogative renaissance représentationssociales royal socialconditions sociallifeandcustoms wereldbeeld world