1561-1626 1632-1704 1711-1776 1806-1873 1872-1970 1889-1951 1902-1994 1909-1997 1919-2018 20thcentury austria bacon berlin bertrand biography british correspondence david england english francis germany gillian greatbritain history hume isaiah john johnstuart lawyers locke ludwig mary midgley mill philosophers philosophy physicians popper rose russell science scotland socialsciences statesmen wittgenstein wz100b128p1973 wz100l8135w2007