1770/1800-1890/1900 1795-1881 1801-1866 1849-1928 19thcentury aitken apostasy asa authors authors'spouses biography botanists botany carlyle childhoodandyouthgosse edmund england english englishliterature familyrelationships fathersandsons gosse gray greatbritain individualauthors intellectuals janewelsh jeancarlyle languageandliterature philiphenry plymouthbrethren sociallifeandcustoms thomas unitedstates womenintellectuals zoologists