-1274 -1651or1652 -1783? 1175-1249 1802or1803-1853or1854 1836-1899 aḥmadibnaḥmad arabe(langue) arabiclanguage ālūsī earlyworksto1800 fayshī grammaire grammar ibnal-ḥājib ibnhishām ibnhishām ibnmālik maḥmūdibnʻabdallāh morphology muḥammadibnʻabdallāh nuʻmānibnmaḥmūd sujāʻī syntax yūsufal-mālikī ʻabdallāhibnyūsuf ʻabdallāhibnyūsuf ʻuthmānibnʻumar